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圣诞节(Christmas)又称耶诞节,译名为“基督弥撒”,西方传统节日,在每年12月25日。弥撒是教会的一种礼拜仪式。圣诞节是一个宗教节,因为把它当作耶稣的诞辰来庆祝,故名“耶诞节”。[1]
大部分的天主教教堂都会先在24日的平安夜,亦即12月25日凌晨举行子夜弥撒,而一些基督教会则会举行报佳音,然后在12月25日庆祝圣诞节;基督教的另一大分支——东正教的圣诞节庆则在每年的1月7日。
圣诞节也是西方世界以及其他很多地区的公共假日,例如:在亚洲的香港、澳门、马来西亚和新加坡。圣经实际上并无记载耶稣诞生日期,圣诞节是后人公定的。
Christmas, also known as Christmas, is called "Christ's mass", a traditional western festival, which falls on December 25 each year. A mass is a kind of church service. Christmas is a religious festival, because it is celebrated as the birthday of Jesus. Therefore, it is known as "Christmas day". [1]
Most of the Catholic church will first in 24th Christmas Eve, that is, the date, December 25, held at midnight mass, and some of the Christian church will hold good tidings, and then celebrate Christmas on December 25, Another branch of Christianity, the orthodox Christmas festival, falls on January 7th every year.
Christmas is also a public holiday in the western world and many other regions, such as Hong Kong, macau, Malaysia and Singapore in Asia. The bible does not actually record the date of the birth of Jesus.
每年12月25日是全世界大多数基督徒纪念耶稣诞生的日子。教会开始并无圣诞节,约在耶稣升天后百余年内才有。据说:第一个圣诞节是在公元138年,由罗马主教圣克里门倡议举行。而教会史载第一个圣诞节则在公元336年。由於圣经未明记耶稣生於何时,故各地圣诞节日期各异。直到公元440年,才由罗马教廷定12月25日为圣诞节。公元1607年,世界各地教会领袖在伯利恒聚会,进一步予以确定,从此世界大多数的基督徒均以12月25日为圣诞节。其实哪一天并不要紧,重要的是应该知道它是为纪念救主耶稣降生。
由於圣经记载耶稣生於夜间,故传统称12月24日夜为“圣诞夜或平安夜”。在圣诞节人们会准备圣诞树,给朋友和心爱的人准备圣诞节礼物并在圣诞夜放在他们的帽子里面,还会和朋友们一起唱歌,制作圣诞卡片,和家人朋友在圣诞树下一起吃圣诞大餐等。总之,圣诞节是个象徵著美好的日子!
December 25th is the day when most christians around the world commemorate the birth of Jesus. The church didn't start Christmas, and it didn't exist until about a hundred years after Jesus ascended. It is said that the first Christmas was held in 138 AD by the bishop of Rome, st. John kerry. The first Christmas in church history was in 336 AD. Because the bible does not remember when Jesus was born, Christmas dates vary from place to place. It was not until AD 440 that the holy see of Rome set December 25 for Christmas. In 1607, church leaders from around the world gathered in Bethlehem for further confirmation, and since then most christians around the world have been celebrating Christmas on December 25th. It doesn't matter which day it is, it's important to know that it's the birth of the savior Jesus.
Since the bible records that Jesus was born at night, tradition says December 24 is "Christmas Eve or Christmas Eve". People will prepare a Christmas tree on Christmas day, to friends and loved ones to prepare for Christmas and on Christmas Eve in their hats, and also with friends to sing, make Christmas CARDS, Christmas dinner with family and friends under the Christmas tree, etc. In a word, Christmas is a time to symbolize good times.
德国民俗学家对圣诞节习俗探本求源之后,发现大部分圣诞节习俗源自德国。
据德国民俗学家考证,除宗教仪式外,大部分圣诞节习俗形成时间不算长。在英国,圣诞节最初只意味着人们可以狂欢痛饮的酒宴,直到19世纪,英国女王维多利亚与她的德国夫婿阿尔贝特结婚后,盎格鲁-撒克逊地区才开始流行过圣诞节。把圣诞节带到美国的也是德国移民。之前,从英国到美国殖民的清教徒一度拒绝过圣诞节。
圣诞树最早出现在19世纪初欧洲德语地区。在1870年至1871年的普法战争中,普鲁士军队曾在战地竖起装饰着蜡烛的圣诞树。在19世纪70年代,法国人尚未接受来自德国的圣诞树,但圣诞树已开始在欧洲其他地区和北美流行。
据介绍,目前学术界对圣诞树的起源有两种观点。一种观点认为圣诞树源自古代日耳曼人的习俗,但证据不足;另一种观点认为圣诞树源自16世纪早期有关耶稣诞生的戏剧的布景。德国民俗学家发现,早在1621年,德国特里尔南部一家修道院中就出现过饰有蜡烛的圣诞树。
德国民俗学家认为,在圣诞节前夜即平安夜赠送礼物也是德国马丁·路德宗教改革后的发明。他们说,从16世纪起,欧洲一些地区就有在圣尼古拉节(12月初)给孩子送礼物的习俗。马丁·路德宗教改革后,德国不仅保留了赠送礼物的习俗,还引入了“耶稣圣婴”的形象。所谓“耶稣圣婴”实际上是个身穿白衣的金发小姑娘,她和圣诞老人的职责都是把礼物带给过去一年里表现好的孩子。
在许多德国人看来,如今的圣诞节已和历史上的大不一样,美式文化的烙印日益鲜明,原有宗教内容不断消失,而曾经打在圣诞节上的德国烙印更是鲜为人知。
After the German folklorist asked for the origin of the Christmas custom, most of the Christmas customs came from Germany.
According to German folklorists, most Christmas traditions are not long, except for religious rituals. Initially only in Britain, Christmas means that people can binge drinking booze, it was not until the 19th century, Britain's queen Victoria and her husband Albert Germany married, Anglo - Saxon areas began to be popular for Christmas. It was also German immigrants who brought Christmas to America. Previously, pilgrims from England to America had refused Christmas.
The Christmas tree first appeared in the german-speaking parts of Europe in the early 19th century. During the franco-prussian war of 1870 to 1871, the Prussian army erected trees decorated with candles in the field. In the 1870s, the French had not yet accepted a Christmas tree from Germany, but the Christmas tree was already popular in other parts of Europe and North America.
According to the introduction, there are two views on the origin of Christmas tree in academic circles. One view is that the Christmas tree originated from ancient Germanic customs, but the evidence is insufficient. Another view is that the Christmas tree originated from the setting of the early 16th century drama about the birth of Jesus. A Christmas tree decorated with candles was found in a monastery in the southern part of trier, Germany, in 1621, according to German folklorists.
German folklorists believe that Christmas Eve gift-giving is also the invention of Germany's Martin Luther King jr. 's reformation. They say that since the 16th century, some parts of Europe have had the custom of giving gifts to children at st. Nicholas day (early December). After the reformation of Martin Luther King, Germany not only kept the custom of giving gifts, but also introduced the image of "the baby Jesus". The so-called "baby Jesus" is actually a blonde in white, and she and Santa Claus are responsible for bringing gifts to the children of the past year.
, it seems to many germans now Christmas has been and is very different in history, American culture is becoming more and more distinct, the original religious content disappearing, and once on the Christmas the German brand is unknown.
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1.圣诞节英语作文带翻译
Christmas Day is the biggest festival in the western countries.It is on December 25,the birthday of Jesus Christ.Before the festival,every family will buy a Christmas tree,and put it in the middle of the living-room.And their houses look more soft and beautiful.
圣诞节是西方国家最盛大的节日。节日在12月25日,是耶稣基 督的生日。节日前,每个家庭都要买一颗圣诞树,放在起居室的中央,这样他们家看起来又温馨又漂亮。
On Christmas Eve,children always hang up their Christmas stockings and hope Father Christmas will come to put presents in them.In fact,their parents put the presents in their stockings.
在平安夜,孩子们总是把圣诞袜挂起来,希望圣诞老人会把礼物放到里面,实际上把礼物放到袜里面的是他们的父母.
How interesting it is!On Christmas Day,people say "Merry Christmas" to each other.
你说有趣不有趣!在圣诞节那天,人们互相祝贺“圣诞快乐”。
2.圣诞节英语作文带翻译
Christmas Day falls on the twenty-fifth of December. It is a very happy day for many boys and girls. Before the term ends in some schools, the children act a nativity or “birth” play, showing how Jesus was born in a stable.
12月25日是圣诞节。对许多男孩和女孩来说,这天是个非常开心的日子。在某些学校,学期结束前,孩子们会表演有关(耶稣)诞生或出生的戏剧,用来(向大家)展示耶稣是如何在马厩里出生的。
On the twenty-fourth of December, all children are very excited. Usually they are sent to bed early so that their parents can get the presents ready. The younger children think that Father Christmas will come down the chimney or fireplace, so they hang up a sock for him to put presents in. The greedy ones even hang up a pillow-case or a sack to try to get more presents. Later that night, father or mother will put presents in the sock, and leave others at the side of the bed.
在12月24日这天,所有的小孩都很兴奋。他们常常被(父母)早早地赶上 床去睡觉,以便他们的父母能准备好礼物。年幼一点的小孩认为圣诞老人将从烟囱或壁炉里下来,所以他们挂起袜子,方便圣诞老人把礼物放进去。有些贪心的人,为了能得到更多的礼物,甚至把枕套或布袋挂起来。晚一些时候,爸爸或妈妈将礼物放进袜子,并把其他礼物放在(孩子们的)床边。
On Christmas morning, the children wake up very early. Some even turn on the light at two o'clock, and most of them are awake by six o'clock, and the young ones play while the dinner is prepared. At about one o'clock in the afternoon, the Christmas dinner is brought in. The turkey or chicken is quickly eaten. Children search in their Christmas pudding for new coins which are hidden in it. The rest of the day is full of games and eating until the happiest of all Christmas holidays comes to an end.
圣诞节的早上,小孩们很早就醒来了。一些人甚至在凌晨两点开灯,但大多数小孩会在六点醒来,孩子们在(大人们)准备晚餐的时候玩耍。下午一点,圣诞大餐出炉了。火鸡或鸡腿总是很快被抢光。孩子们寻找着属于他们的圣诞布丁是为了确认金币是否有藏在里面。在剩余的时间里,(人们)便是玩游戏和吃食物直到最开心幸福的圣诞节结束。
3.圣诞节英语作文带翻译
Most westerners always celebrate Christmas Day as their major festival,in order to memorialize Jesus.During that time,they always have several days off,so they can enjoy this festival with all their hearts.The children often get together with their friends.The adults are busy with decorating their houses.They also send the postcards with their best wishes to each other.In the streets,there are so many Fathers Christmas sending presents to the passers-by.And everything is on a discount in the supermarkets.Thus the supermarkets are the busiest places.
为了纪念耶稣,大部分西方人都将庆祝圣诞节作为他们的主要节日。在这段时间里,他们总是有好几天假,所以他们可以全身心的享受这个节日。小孩们经常与他们的朋友聚在一起,大人都忙着装饰他们的房子。他们还互相赠送明信片以及他们对彼此的祝福。在街上,有很多圣诞老人在派送礼物给路人。超市里面的所有东西都在打折.所以,超市是最忙的地方。
In the evening,the families usually have pudding,sandwiches,apple pies and some other desserts for dinner.After supper,the families always sing and dance around the Christmas tree.Sometimes,they also go to church.Before going to bed,the children often hang up their stockings beside their bed,so that Father Christmas will fill them with presents.It is said that Father Christmas always drives a deer to the human world and entering into each house from the chimney.Now the children no longer believe in Father Christmas,but they still hang up their stockings,because their parents will fill them with presents.
晚上,家里面通常都有吃布丁,三明治,苹果派,还有一些其它的甜点作为晚餐。晚饭后,家人们总是围着圣诞树唱歌跳舞。有时,他们还会去教堂。睡觉前,孩子们常常会把长统袜挂在床边,这样圣诞老人就会用礼物把它填满了。据说圣诞老人总是骑着一只鹿到人间,之后从烟囱进入每个房子。现在的孩子不再相信圣诞老人的故事了,但他们仍然会挂上他们的袜子,因为他们的父母会用礼物把它填满。
4.圣诞节英语作文带翻译
Christmas is the most important festival in the western world. it falls on december 25th. when my mother and i stayed in america, we were invited by one of my mother‘s friends to have christmas with an american family. we bought some presents for our american friends on our way to their house.
They had prepared different kinds of gifts for their family and guests when we got to their house, such as christmas candles, cakes, cards, little toys, biscuits and so on. a christmas tree was placed in the comer of the brilliant hall. how beautiful it was! we were impressed by these. we had a big meal. after dinner, they told us some interesting stories about christmas. we learned that christmas had something to do with god. we went to bed at midnight. though we knew the santa claus was not true, we were still waiting for the santa claus with white beard to bring us presents.and we received many beautiful presents the next morning.
This christmas was really unforgettable. not only did i have a good time, but also i knew something about foreign culture.
12月25日的圣诞节是西方国家最重要的节日。我和妈妈在美国的时候,曾应妈妈的一位朋友邀请,去一个美国家庭过圣诞节。在去他家的途中,我们为美国朋友买了一些礼物。
我们到时,他们已为家人及客人们准备了各种各样的礼物,有圣诞蜡烛、蛋糕、卡片、小玩具和饼干等。圣诞树放在灯火通明的客厅的一角,实在是太荚了。这一切给我们留下了深刻的印象。我们吃了一顿大餐。饭后,他们给我们讲了一些圣诞节的故事,我们知道了圣诞节与上帝有关。我们午夜时分才上 床睡觉。尽管我们知道圣诞老人不是真的,但还是等待着白胡子的圣诞老人为我们送来礼物。第二天早晨我们收到了许多漂亮的礼物。
这个圣诞节实在太令人难以忘怀了。我不仅过得很愉快,还了解了外国文化。
5.圣诞节英语作文带翻译
Christmas is the biggest festival in the western world,which people all over the Christian countries celebrate.It is on the 25th day of each December.Christians consider it as the birthday of Jesus Christ.But now many customs and habits are beyond religious meaning.The Christmas season begins five or six weeks before the exact holiday.There is always a shopping boom during this period.So it's really a happy season for shop owners.
每年的12月25日,所有国家的人们都欢庆圣诞节。一般认为圣诞节是耶稣诞生的日子。但是现在许多风俗和习惯都已超出了宗教意义。圣诞节季节在12月25日之前的5、6个星期就已经开始了。在这一时期总会出现一个购物潮。所以圣诞节确实是店主的快乐节日.
在美丽的圣诞节前一天,我写了一封给圣诞老人的信,请求他送我一份圣诞节礼物,最好是一件漂亮的公主裙。
信写完后,我很激动地放在阳台上。一天后,信被悄悄地拿走了,我兴奋不已,期盼着快一点收到礼物。等了漫长的两天,我果然在阳台上发现了一套包装好的公主裙。当我非常兴奋地打开包装,发现这是一件好好漂亮的衣服,它是我最喜欢的粉红色,领子上有一层软软的绒毛,腰带上系着两只毛茸茸的小线球,我迫不及待地穿上试了一下,大小非常合适,镜子里的我像一个真正的小公主。
穿着美丽的衣服,我的脑子里充满了神奇的幻想:圣诞老人一定是位非常和善可爱的老头儿,他在这个节日里,乘坐着漂亮的花车,由两只神鹿拉着,车上满载各式各样的圣诞礼物,从他的居住地——芬兰的罗瓦涅米出发,一路上为人们送发礼物,他该是多么辛苦,而又是让人感觉多么幸福啊!
我曾经抱怨圣诞老人为什么在我写信三天以后才送我礼物,后来我想,也许,可能是圣诞老人驾着车逛了三次超市都没买到礼物,第四次才发现了公主裙;也可能是他的法术不够高明,又修炼了三天的神力,才变出我希望得到的公主裙。
圣诞老人为了满足人们的愿望,不辞辛苦地奔忙,给人们带来快乐,除了要感谢他以外,我还应该好好学习,做一个快乐的好孩子。并且,从现在开始,我也要做一位快乐使者,学着帮助别人,帮助同学和朋友,帮助老师和家人,给他们带来快乐!
On the day before Christmas, I wrote a letter to Santa and asked him to give me a Christmas present, preferably a beautiful princess dress.
After the letter was written, I was very excited to put it on the balcony. A day later, the letter was quietly taken away. I was so excited that I looked forward to receiving the gift soon. After two long days, I found a wrapped princess skirt on the balcony. When I was very excited to open the packing, found that it is a beautiful dress, well, it is one of my favorite pink collar with a layer of soft hairs, belt tied with two fuzzy string cable ball, I can't wait to wear test, size is very appropriate, in the mirror I like a real princess.
Wearing beautiful clothes, my head is full of magical fantasy: Santa Claus must be a very kind and lovely old man, he in this festival, a beautiful float, pull, by two established car loaded with all kinds of Christmas gifts, from his residence - the ROM tile kaisaniemi of Finland, delivered gifts for people, all the way he how hard it is, and how to make people feel happy!
I used to complain about why Santa in I write three days later to send me a gift, then I thought, perhaps, may be the Santa Claus drove around the three supermarkets didn't buy gift, for the fourth time to found the princess dress; It could be that his spell was not good enough, and it took three days of magic to make the princess dress I hoped to get.
In order to satisfy people's wishes, Father Christmas brings happiness to people. Besides thanking him, I should study hard and be a happy boy. And, from now on, I will also be a happy messenger, learn to help others, help classmates and friends, help teachers and family, bring them happiness!
星期五下午,我们班开了一次圣诞联欢会,使我难忘。
教室里张灯结彩。联欢会场被大家装扮的格外迷人,黑板上画着圣诞老人,同学们各个喜气洋洋,欢声笑语使整个联欢会充满了浓浓的圣诞节气氛。在一片掌声中,联欢会拉开了帷幕。
联欢会开始了,那精彩的表演像磁铁般地把我吸引住了。大家热情高涨,纷纷登台献艺,施展自己的艺术才华。
首先是闫宇荣同学为我们朗诵诗歌,她用那甜美的声音为我们朗诵起来,把大家的神思带到一个雨的世界,让我们感受到妈妈的重要性。朗诵完了,下面响起热烈的掌声,是呀,她朗诵的真感人!然后是我们班的“小小舞蹈家”崔阳、杜政耀上台表演,音乐响了,他们随着音乐跳,有街舞、有倒立……崔阳和杜政耀表演完了,我们班一起唱了铃儿响叮当:“叮叮当,叮叮当,铃儿响叮当,坐在雪橇多快乐我们飞奔向前方,冲破大风雪……
联欢会结束了,但是同学们还沉浸在欢声笑语中。
On Friday afternoon, our class had a Christmas party, which made me unforgettable.
The classroom is decorated with lights. The hall was decorated by everyone, and there were pictures of Santa Claus on the blackboard. All the students were beaming with joy. The whole party was filled with the atmosphere of Christmas. In a round of applause, the gala kicked off.
The party began, and the wonderful performance gripped me like a magnet. Everyone is enthusiastic and enthusiastic, taking the stage to perform, to display their artistic talent.
First of all, yan yurong recited poetry for us, and she read it to us with that sweet voice, and brought the people's thoughts to a world of rain, so that we could feel the importance of mother. After the recitation, there was a warm round of applause. Yes, she read it very moving! Then the "little dancers" in our class, cui Yang and du zhengyao, came to the stage, music rang, and they danced with music, with street dancing and upside down... Cui Yang and du zhengyao finished the performance, our class sang the jingle bells jingle bells: "jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle bells jingle, sit on the sleigh we run to the front, break through the blizzard...
The party was over, but the students were still in the laughter.
今天,我们英语班开了一个圣诞晚会。我们都非常开心,还得到了许多礼品呢!
我们先围成一圈坐下,中间留了一大片,是演出的场地。晚会开始了。突然门外传来争吵的声音,主持人出去看了看,原来是圣诞老人和圣诞婆婆在为谁先进屋而争论不休。主持人把两扇门都打开,他俩就一块进来了。哇!他们带来了什么好东西呀,装了两大袋子,我猜应该是一些糖果吧。哇!他们开始发礼物了,教室立刻沸腾起来,男孩子没有了绅士风度,女孩子没有了矜持,大家都在抢,抢!生怕没有自己的份,我也在抢,猎获了许多战利品。
节目开始了,每个节目都非常好看。特别是《三只小猪》这个节目,让我们笑得前仰后合,老师也笑得直流眼泪。到我们表演了,我们演的是一个小话剧,大意是:小鸭子到奶奶家的途中帮助小猫捉到了鱼,把受伤得小山羊送回了家。因为这个话剧短,我们都背得特别熟,所以表演特别顺利。
到了最后一环节了,就是交换礼物。老师拿了两个大箱子,把我们分成两组,每一组都有一个箱子,把礼物放进去。我刚开始还以为老师要收回礼物呢?就不情愿的把礼物放进去,后来才明白过来,原来用这两个箱子来交换礼物。我们放进去多大的礼物,就可以换一个差不多大小的礼物。交换完礼物这个圣诞Party就结束了。
今天我看了好看的节目,还有许多好吃好看好玩的礼品,圣诞节真开心啊!
Today, our English class has a Christmas party. We were all very happy and got a lot of presents!
We sat down in a circle, and there was a big, playing field. The party has begun. Suddenly there was an argument outside, and the host went out to see what it was that Santa Claus and Mrs. Claus were arguing about. The host opened both doors, and they entered. A: wow! They brought something nice and two big bags. I guess some candy. A: wow! They began to send presents, and the classroom began to boil, and the boy was not gentlemanly, the girl was not reserved, and everyone was robbing and robbing! For fear of not having my share, I was also robbing, hunting a lot of spoils.
The show began, and every program was very good. In particular, the "three little pigs" program makes us laugh with laughter, and the teacher laughs with tears. When we performed, we performed a little play, which was basically: the duckling helped the kitten catch the fish on the way to the grandmother's house, and sent the injured goat back home. Because the play was short, we all knew it well, so the performance was very smooth.
Today I saw a good show, and there are many delicious and interesting gifts.
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